Essay --

As a part of my endeavor to pursue higher studies I humbly submit the Statement of Purpose. This statement would succinctly recapitulate my ambitions and credibility as a promising zealous student in your institution. First of all, I would like to introduce myself as Mr. Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi, an undergraduate B. tech Engineer with Electronics and Communication Engineering specialization from Koneru Lakshmiah University, one of the very distinguished and esteemed universities in our country. Right from my school, I was always fascinated by Mathematics, Science and Research in general. And then again in high school, it was this propensity which led me to take up Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as my major subjects. This passion eventually made me to opt for Electronics and Communication Engineering as my field of expertise. I would like to present my past performance as the bona fides for my success in my future endeavors. My innate strength has always been my quantitative and analytical abilities, which instilled me with a penchant for Mathematics and Physics. I opted for the same in my 12th grade and secured a score of around 96% in core subjects. I was placed in the top 3% of five hundred thousand aspirants who took entrance examination for IITs. This performance helped me in getting admission into Koneru Lakshamiah University, Vijayawada, India. During the course of my preparation for this exam, I had realized that my interests lay in the broad principles of scienc e and its basic fundamentals and I ascertained Electronics and Communication Engineering to be the apt subject, catering my taste. It was the time when technology had slowly begun to repose the lives of the people. Electronics and Communication Engi... ...of academic excellence accompanied by proficient Faculty and research facilities. Moreover, your institution being the confluence of people from every race, religion and nationality provides the right kind of exposure needed for upbringing of one’s natural skill. I especially thank you for giving me the opportunity to express about myself. Hailing from an educated family, I am confident that I possess the required perseverance and commitment and am sure that I’ll cope with your expectations. It would be a great honor to my family and my country if I could attain remarkable achievements in my field. I assure you that I would keep up my diligence and good demeanor during the course. I hope you find my purpose definitive and I fit in to your image of a promising research student. I look forward to prove myself. ( Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi) Essay -- As a part of my endeavor to pursue higher studies I humbly submit the Statement of Purpose. This statement would succinctly recapitulate my ambitions and credibility as a promising zealous student in your institution. First of all, I would like to introduce myself as Mr. Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi, an undergraduate B. tech Engineer with Electronics and Communication Engineering specialization from Koneru Lakshmiah University, one of the very distinguished and esteemed universities in our country. Right from my school, I was always fascinated by Mathematics, Science and Research in general. And then again in high school, it was this propensity which led me to take up Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as my major subjects. This passion eventually made me to opt for Electronics and Communication Engineering as my field of expertise. I would like to present my past performance as the bona fides for my success in my future endeavors. My innate strength has always been my quantitative and analytical abilities, which instilled me with a penchant for Mathematics and Physics. I opted for the same in my 12th grade and secured a score of around 96% in core subjects. I was placed in the top 3% of five hundred thousand aspirants who took entrance examination for IITs. This performance helped me in getting admission into Koneru Lakshamiah University, Vijayawada, India. During the course of my preparation for this exam, I had realized that my interests lay in the broad principles of scienc e and its basic fundamentals and I ascertained Electronics and Communication Engineering to be the apt subject, catering my taste. It was the time when technology had slowly begun to repose the lives of the people. Electronics and Communication Engi... ...of academic excellence accompanied by proficient Faculty and research facilities. Moreover, your institution being the confluence of people from every race, religion and nationality provides the right kind of exposure needed for upbringing of one’s natural skill. I especially thank you for giving me the opportunity to express about myself. Hailing from an educated family, I am confident that I possess the required perseverance and commitment and am sure that I’ll cope with your expectations. It would be a great honor to my family and my country if I could attain remarkable achievements in my field. I assure you that I would keep up my diligence and good demeanor during the course. I hope you find my purpose definitive and I fit in to your image of a promising research student. I look forward to prove myself. ( Satyanarayana Shiva Mantravadi)

Willy Russell Wrote Educating Rita

Throughout the play Wily Russell successfully conveys the message that education is more than just passing exams. He does this by characterization, language, form and structure, society and history, all of which I will be covering in this essay. Wily Russell characterization of Frank and Rata allows the audience to be aware of each of their needs and exaggerates their changes by the end of the play. They act as needy educators, progressing, learning and teaching one another.Frank Is Rite's English professor, he Is drunken, delusional and generally, worn down by his circumstances such as his failed marriage and his Inability to continue writing his poetry, but he Is educated. Frank Is unhappy In life, we can see this as he has an excessive need to drink alcohol. In order to fuel his adulation he has taken on Open university applicants, â€Å"l suppose I did take it on to pay for the drink†. Wily Russell created Frank with a drink problem because it shows he is miserable in life , as he needs to drink to numb the pain and ignore his sadness.He is extremely self deprecating, â€Å"it's myself I'm not too fond of†, this is because he sees himself as being responsible for his failed marriage, he dislikes his robotic students and his poetry is unpublished, Frank knows that Rata will lose her originality, â€Å"you will have to abandon our uniqueness in order to pass examinations. I'm going to have to change you. â€Å", and therefore this Is a worry to him. These unfortunate events have led to Frank having a low self-esteem resulting in Franks abuse of his own body by way of drink.Frank Is a poor role model as he doesn't realism he needs to face his problems and change because he Is old, traditional, stuck In his ways, and thinks It's too late, this Is symbolized when Rata tells Frank to fit the door handle, Frank says â€Å"l suppose I always mean to† to which Rata responds â€Å"that's no good always meaning' to, is it? â€Å". I think this n essential part of Franks character because he needs someone to aid him and bring about the process of self-improvement, someone to show him that life is more than being unhappy and someone to boost his self-esteem, Rata.Rata is an opinionated, intimidated, open minded, honest, naive, working class, Lilliputian hairdresser going against expectations in order to seek an education. When asked by Frank, â€Å"What do you want to know? † she replies, â€Å"Everything†. Despite hurdles she has got to a position In life where she has the opportunity to change and she Is determined to do so, as she wants to know â€Å"everything†.Wily Russell has created Rata In this Individual unique manner, she neither fits the norms expected of her peers nor Franks ‘Robotic students', so that she is a breath of fresh air into Despite helping Frank later in the novel Rata becomes reluctant to do so as she starts to think that he is helpless, â€Å"If you could stop pouring th at Junk down your throat in the hope that it'll make you feel like a poet you might be able to talk about things that matter†. She realizes that he needs her more than she needs him and therefore moves further away from him.In the opening stages of the novel Rata is very eager ND determined to learn; this is unusual of Franks students and is the reason why he values her fresh uniqueness so highly. Wily Russell has given Rata great determination; this enables her to not only make significant changes to herself but also to change Frank because he admires her as do the audience, â€Å"l think you're marvelous†. Atone point in the play Frank is reluctant to educate Rata as he doesn't consider himself worthy to teach her without her Joining the ranks of his robotic students, however as usual Rata has the last word and wins Frank over.Wily Russell has characterized Rata and Frank in this manner so that they can learn room each other, although Frank sees his role in Rite's lif e as her educator he himself will be forced to accommodate significant changes in life by Rata. I think Wily Russell is very successful in reflecting on the whole of society's way of life through Frank and Rata, showing their differences and how education involves more than Just gaining knowledge of literature. It is important that as an audience we like the characters and we have a relationship with them so their well being becomes an interest to us.This makes the play more exciting and involves the audience because if something bad happens to the harassers it affects us too, if something good happens this affects us equally. A character can also be intentionally portrayed so that the audience dislike them, this still creates a relationship with the character and still involves the audience and an example of this portrayal of character is Denny. I felt angry when Denny burnt Rite's books because he was trying to deny Rata, an endearing character, of an education and I was happy whe n Rata moved out.Russell makes us sympathies with the two characters as he wants the audience to care for and be involved with Frank and Rata, also characteristic them to be endearing. He does this by making Rata confide in the audience and Frank as well as being extremely open. He makes Frank unhappy in life, miserable and self- deprecating. Instead of walking into the classroom and talking about literature Rata talks about other matters such as smoking â€Å"l hate smoking' on me own. An' everyone seems to have packed it in these days†, art â€Å"that's a nice picture, isn't it? And swearing, â€Å"it's the aristocracy that swears more than anyone†. When asked, â€Å"would you like to sit down? † by Frank she sharply replied â€Å"no! † as she is not a typical student. These hints of individuality make us like Rata because she is new to us as she is to Frank. Mire's the first breath of air that's been in this room for years†. She passionately tel ls us everything about herself and enjoys talking to us. We can see this as she says, â€Å"l talk too much, don't l? I know I talk a lot. I don't at home. I hardly ever talk when I'm there.But I don't often get the chance to talk to someone like you; her back and like her talking to us. We sympathies with Rata because she has had a hard time getting to a point at which she is able to have an education and she has difficulties in learning because of the issues at home. In Act 1 Scene 4 Rata tells us that she writes her essays at work because her husband doesn't like her doing it at home, â€Å"Denny gets dead marked if I work at home. He doesn't like me doing' this. I can't be bothered arguing' with him†.Some people may not sympathies with Rata because she often doesn't let Frank have a say, interrupts him and puts him in uncomfortable situations such as when she says â€Å"Look at those its†, this makes Rata seem over powering and insensitive towards Frank who is alr eady unhappy in life. The audience sympathies with Frank because he is unhappy in life and often puts himself own â€Å"Everything I know†¦ Is that I know absolutely nothing†. We feel sorry for Frank as we can see that he is a better person than he thinks he is. As we already have established that we like Rata the fact that she likes Frank makes us like him too.She tells Frank â€Å"If I'd got some other tutor I wouldn't have stayed† she also says he is scoring â€Å"ten out of ten† and tells him to â€Å"go to the top of the class an' collect a gold star†. We trust Rata that Frank is a good person. The popularity of a character is often dependent on another characters views, such as when Rata speaks badly of Denny, â€Å"l hint he's thick†, this hints towards what Dyne's character will be like in the play and straight away puts him down in the audiences eyes. People may not sympathies towards Frank in instances such as Act One, Scene Four whe n Frank gives Rata his work to criticism, â€Å"you want literacy criticism?I want an essay on this lot by next week† Frank could be seen as guilt tripping Rata because she will now be forced to return to Frank and speak badly of his work. This will be portrayed as hurting Frank as he is already fragile and could be seen as a nasty act on Rite's part, she will have to act superior to her professor and put him down. Frank misjudged Rite's character and put her in a potentially damaging situation, which caused Rata a lot of stress and discomfort, â€Å"What me? Some stupid woman who gives us all a laugh because she thinks she can learn† and â€Å"I'm a freak†.Franks efforts to include Rata in an upper class circle could have been seen as inconsiderate as she wasn't at the stage where she could comfortably fit in, he should have reassessed to situation to ensure he wasn't doing Rata any harm. Also, Franks reluctance to teach Rata could be seen as selfish because he is more concerned about himself losing her company than her being pappy. However, I believe that Frank was looking at the situation from both of their points of view; he was never trying to hurt or slow Rite's progression but instead, think what was best for her.As Rata becomes educated she learns about different aspects of literature such as sentimentality, subjectivity and literary criticism. She studies a number of authors and becomes knowledgeable of literature. We can see that Rata has learned about literature when Frank says â€Å"you recognize the hallmark of literature now'. She recites Blake from memory â€Å"O Rose, thou art sick† and is knowledgeable of him muff don't do Blake without doing Innocence and Experience†. She talks about Peer Gent, Blake and Shakespeare â€Å"We were talking about Shakespeare†.Rata can now make her own decisions about literature, Frank earlier commented that Rata would not â€Å"richer† if she looks â€Å"below th e surface†. Rite's newly acquired knowledge is vital in the role of the beginning of change. She uses her literary skills when talking to other students and making new friends. However this literature would not be important to her if she didn't want to change as she is using education to empower her, this would not be necessary if she did not desire change. Rata learns a lot about life throughout the play which shows that education is more than Just about passing exams.Rata learns that through education she can break away from the traditional expectations placed on a working class woman in the sass's and by the end of the play she realizes that education offers freedom to make choices in life. She also learns that education in itself does not provide a better life but does give her the empowerment to make change if she so wishes, â€Å"l might go to France, I might go to me mother's. I might even have a baby. I Dunn. I'll make a decision. I'll choose†. Education has giv en Rata a new unique outlook on people; she learns to see them for who they are and not for their class or literature knowledge.Through education Rata found new confidence in her ability to achieve much more than she ever thought possible, it opened up new horizons for her. By the end of the play Rata had knowledge of literature but more importantly she had a greater understanding of life. What Rata learned about literature will help her to pass exams and in the long run will only affect her in a small way compared with what she learned about life that will affect everything she does such as her thinking, reasoning, the way she treats others and herself.Education matured Rata and gave her skills and choices that will stay with her forever giving the message that education is about more than Just passing exams. Frank learns that he is a better teacher than he thought he was at the start of the play and learns to reinvent his teaching skills, â€Å"l wanted to come back an' tell y th at. That hay good teacher. † He sees that his knowledge has empowered Rata and has potentially made her happier.However, Frank may think that Rite's changes are bad ND feel responsible for Rite's loss of individuality as he did earlier in the play, â€Å"l shall insist upon being known as Mary, Mary Shelley', by saying this and referring to the author of Frankincense Frank is questioning his skills as a teacher because he think he has created a monster in Rata. Rite's open personality inspires Frank to face his problems more head on â€Å"If you could stop pouring that Junk down your throat in the hope that it'll make you feel like a poet you might be able to talk about things that matter†.In the earlier stages of the play Frank was hiding from problems such as his rink issues, unhealthy diet, relationships, lack of confidence and attitude towards Rite's education. Rata influences Frank because he sees the way she accommodates change in herself which in turn encourages him to take a close look at himself and the ways he too can change, she adds humor and Joy to his life helping him to not view himself so negatively.Following this process Frank learns to be more relaxed about life and face his problems rather than hiding behind his drunkenness, Rite's personality inspires Frank to be more light-hearted and reveal Franks true self. By he end of the play I think that Franks changes as a teacher are more important to him because he realizes that he has to power to influence people, now that he has discovered this it will be easier for him to practice and take into account when around him.What Frank learns as a person is still very important to him but by the end of the play he seems to forget all that he has learnt by reverting to his old ways, in Act Two Scene Three we find out that Frank gave a lecture drunk, â€Å"Passed? I was glorious! Fell off the rostrum twice† and says to Rata, â€Å"Sod them – no, buck them! , this shows that what Frank learnt wasn't as important to him because he choose to take the easy way out rather than the more beneficial way to himself. Russell uses Rite's language to show Rite's changes.At the start of the play Rata speaks in a crude and socially unacceptable manner. As she becomes educated she is inspired by Trash's dialect and mimics her choice of language. However, by the end of the play Rata reverts back to her old manners of talking like an uneducated woman. When Rata first meets Frank she speaks in a very strong Lilliputian accent and is very direct, she TTS people in uncomfortable positions, this can be seen when she starts to talk about an erotic painting using words such as â€Å"its†.Frank reacts to this by coughing and hastily looking down on some papers, this shows he is embarrassed talking about a sexual topic unlike Rata. Rite's language represents her as being uneducated, Frank speaks in a posh way, as he is educated; his vocabulary is wide and well chosen. T he different language makes it easy for the audience to realism and be reminded of their different backgrounds; language is a good comparison between the two characters. In the next scene Rata changes her language, she tries to speak like an educated upper class member, when asked â€Å"What's wrong with your voice? By Frank, Rata replies, â€Å"Nothing is wrong with it, Frank. I have merely decided to talk properly. As Trash says there is not a lot of point in discussing beautiful literature in an ugly voice. † Rata chooses to change her voice because she doesn't feel worthy of discussing poetry in her own â€Å"ugly' voice, she considers her newfound self to be of more importance than her uneducated self and therefore wants to rid of any relations to her old ways. She has lost her uniqueness and innocence that Frank valued so highly in her.I don't think this change in Rite's character is a positive one because it shows that Rata considers class and status to be more impor tant than a person, I think that this change will not make Rata any happier because she is only doing it to please Trash, and despite not knowing this at the time, it does not suit her other unique characteristics. By the end of the play Rata averts back to her original language, she says, â€Å"l Dunn. He's a bit of a wander really. But Vive never been abroad. An' me mother's invited me to here's for Christmas.I think this is because Rata has realized that language is an unimportant external change and doesn't make a person any happier. Rata is still liked by Frank despite her uneducated language possibly even more so because it gives her individuality. Rata language is probably similar to Russell own, as he is from Liverpool. Having Rata speak in such a manner makes the play appeals to people whose language is similar and will allow Rata to be easily related to by a wider audience. Wily Russell only has two characters in the play; this unusual amount helps exaggerate the differen ces between Frank and Rata.They create a culture clash as they were brought up in different manners; they have different backgrounds and now have different expectations for the future. In the past Frank was educated and grew up to live in â€Å"Former' an upper-class part of Liverpool. Now, he has lost all his aspirations and lives to drink, â€Å"l did take it on to pay for the educated because she thought â€Å"studio' was Just for wimps† and didn't try hard at school because it would have parted her from her friends, â€Å"if I'd started taking' school seriously I would have had to become different from me mates, an' that's not allowed†.Now, Rata wants an education, she wants to learn â€Å"everything† and her hopes for the future are to discover herself, â€Å"See, I want discover myself first. Do you understand that? † The two characters learn from each other. Russell has put Rata and Frank together because they educate each other, in terms other t han Just literature and examinations. They are moving towards one another's pasts and are both needy of each other. At this point in the novel Franks influences on Rata have been focused mainly in an academic sense, â€Å"assonance. Well, it's a form of rhyme†.Rata teachings have inspired Frank, â€Å"l think you're the first breath of air that's been in this room for years†; possibly even driving Frank away from his predicted future. Having two characters in the play makes it easier for the audience to hear Frank and Rite's opinions. It is easier for the audience to see how they are different I. E. In language. And finally, it makes the audience endear towards the characters because they are different and willing to help each other. We don't like one and dislike the other because we sympathies with them both and their different situations.However, there are some problems with having only two characters, the audience could get uninterested because of the lack of variet y created in the play. We only see the story from two different viewpoints and therefore have a limited understanding of the social effects and implications of the play. It could be difficult for the audience to fully understand the impact of the characters changes on Frank and Rite's family and friends as we are never given a first person account. Russell uses clever devices such as Dramatic Irony in the play.Dramatic Irony occurs whenever we see one of the characters say something negative of the other because we know they like each other through their body language and speech, â€Å"He glances at his watch, moves to the window, looks out, glances at his watch again and then moves across to the books. † In this case Franks body language clearly shows he is waiting with great anticipation for Rite's arrival. He also often compliments her to the point at which his efforts could be perceived as a little flirtatious, â€Å"irresistible thing like you†.Rite's speech indic ates she too likes Frank â€Å"Because you're a crazy mad pips artist who ants to throw his students out the window, an' I like you†. Rata shows her affection more openly than Frank despite her insult. The Dramatic Irony keeps Frank and Rite's relationship more interesting to the audience and makes the audience intent on watching the play as they want to know how their relationship ends. An interesting relationship is vital in this particular play because there are only two characters and so much of the play is dependent on their varying relation.The structure of the play changes throughout. In Act One Rata needed Frank to teach her, she was demanding, Hereford she controlled the action, said the most and always had the last say. However in the next act, Rata changes her voice and accent, attempting to speak like a member of the upper class and converses freely with Franks other students as she thinks she is educated and therefore is on their level. There is a dramatic revers e in roles at this point in the novel.It is now that Frank needs Rata, Frank needs to change doesn't need Franks help anymore and accuses him of trying to hold her back, now that she knows â€Å"what clothes to wear, what wine to buy, what plays to see, what papers and books to read†. Rata thinks differently to what she did before, Frank earlier commented that Rata would not â€Å"overcomplicated† Blake, but she now makes her decision that Flake's poetry is â€Å"richer† if she looks â€Å"below the surface†, this shows she doesn't think she needs Frank to tell her what to do anymore.The more Rata is changing the less dependent she becomes upon Frank. She makes independent decisions and believes she is better than Frank as she goes against his word, â€Å"l don't need you. Vive got a room full of books†. She adopts an opposite view to at the start of the play when she begged for Franks enlightening knowledge. Frank expresses his views to this chang e and says to Rata, â€Å"Found a new song to sing have you†, this suggests that Frank doesn't like Rite's change and thinks she is pretending to be something she's not.This change made me empathic with Frank because he is still interested in Rata and she is no longer interested in him. Frank has given Rata much throughout the course of the play and Rata seems unwilling to help Frank in return at his time of need. If I were to direct to play I would dress Rata in costume that symbolisms school life and education to exaggerate her change. She would be rearing a university scarf or Jumper apposed to cheap, second hand, common clothes representing an uneducated person of working class status, which she may have worn at the start of the play.Frank would be dressed in a messy, worn, suit and his classroom would be untidy and dusty especially the bookcase in order to exaggerate one well kept book hiding a supply of alcohol. The set is important because it is a part of Frank that is enticing for Rata, â€Å"I'm guan have a room like this one day. There's nothing phones about it. Everything in its right place. (After a pause. ) It's a mess. But it's a perfect mess. This use of costume and set would exaggerate both Frank and Rite's characters, providing a visual representation for the audience.Russell makes the audience think about society by using stereotypes and prejudices. His particular use of stereotyping raises a number of questions amongst the audience, concerning the following issues; society's influence, the government, the education system and personal values. Rata is a working class hairdresser, â€Å"you're a ladies hairdresser†, living on an estate in Liverpool, â€Å"our estate†, expected to stay at home and raise a family. This stereotypical working class woman trying to better resell makes us question our values.We ask ourselves whether or not it is right that society tells us what to do, is it right that Rata should be told to sta y at home with her harnessing husband and be forced to have a baby against her will, â€Å"Come off the pill, let's have a baby', or should Rata be allowed to push her family into uncertainty in attempting to better herself? In the 1970/sass the government overlooked the working class, they suffered due to the lack of investment made in the housing and schools, their chances in life were reduced and not cared about.The working class ere kept suppressed and unknowing so that they didn't start to question other peoples or the government's values. Most accepted the dreary situation, as it was hard to bring about change. Education empowered those who had it and those who audience see that it is not Rite's fault that she got into the miserable situation she did in life. Hearing of Rite's family personally made me angry as they conformed to typical stereotypes and were categorized by society, at first when reading the play I was cross that they couldn't see ahead and see any other aspect s of life other than theirs, â€Å"he's blind, he doesn't want to see†.However my mood and feelings towards Rite's family changed as my anger turned to sympathy. Denny is scared of change, he feels safe in his current situation because he knows it. He feels threatened by Rite's change and therefore he tries to stop her, â€Å"he'd burnt me books and papers†, Denny is not trying to change, unlike Rata Denny is following another stereotype, being uneducated he is not willing to change. He is safe in his world and doesn't want Rata to branch out and explore other aspects of life because this would mean change to Denny. Denny doesn't want to be affected; he thinks he is happy living in his cocoon.If Rata gets an education Denny will lose control and will no longer be able to conform to societies expectations of a man to provide. I felt sorry for Denny because to him Rata was having an affair with education, â€Å"Rata: You'd think I was having' a bloody affair. Frank: Are n't you? † This has the same effect to Denny as it would is Rata had an affair with a man, however having an affair with another man would be socially unacceptable and Denny would receive more support, instead he would be left â€Å"wondering' where the girl he married has gone†.By Rite's family going out, getting drunk and singing, â€Å"l .NET into the pub an' they were singing', all of them singing'. † They are accepting their situation but also trying to escape from it at the same time. Rite's mother says to her â€Å"there are better songs to sing than this†, this metaphor means that the family could be doing better for themselves. Rata wants to get away from this, she probably sees herself in her family and realizes that she needs to move on. Information about Trash affects us in two very different ways.At first Rata builds a picture that enables us to form an impression of an educated, refined woman from an educated family, Know she's dead classy. Y . Now like, she's got taste, Winnow like you Frank†, this information makes the audience happy because Trash now symbolisms what Rata is aspiring to and Rata is closer to achieving her goal of bettering herself. When Trash attempts to commit suicide we are distraught because Rite's dreams have been shattered, â€Å"l thought she was so cool an' together – I came home the other night an' she'd tried to top herself. Magic isn't it? â€Å".Rata has been crushed by someone she longs to be. The information makes us cross because we like Rata and sympathies with her. Wily Russell suggests there is a middle ground between the working class and the upper lass by making Rata a freethinker and giving her educated views on all aspects of society, â€Å"Just because you think we're all O. K. , that we're all surviving', with the spirit intact† and â€Å"he's blind, he doesn't want to see†, Rite's thoughts and attitudes toward the world are broad and are not limited like those of her family she can reflect on her own situations and is not â€Å"blind†.Without these views Rata would be part of the stereotypical working-class, this can be seen by Franks prejudice views on Rata before and after he meets her, he starts by saying â€Å"some silly woman's attempt to get into he mind of Henry James† and after meeting her changes his views and speaks fondly of her, describing her as â€Å"funny, delightful, and charming†. Rata feels as though she is out of place with her family yet also does not feel comfortable with Frank and his associates.My opinions on a middle ground based on Russell suggestions are that the middle ground is a classification of working class that aren't ‘stuck in a rut'. A middle ground is based on thoughts and attitudes such as Rite's open-minded thoughtful views. Choices in education in the 1970/sass's seem limited, especially to the working class. Just by writing the play Russell make's the point that it is highly unusual that a working class woman is having a higher education.Attitudes were also very bad concerning school and education, Rata tells us about her past views about school, â€Å"studying' was Just for wimps† and she is surprised she got another chance to go to university and get a higher education, â€Å"l was dead surprised when they took me†. In the early sass's it was even possible to leave school and start work at the age of 15, choices in education have changed vastly as it is now an accepted norm that a woman such as Rata could go to university.The descriptions of the education system make us cross as the government at that time didn't care much for education and a lack of investments were input to the education system. Rata shows that the old education system failed many that had the potential to be educated. However, she also shows us that against all odds you can achieve the unexpected. Russell makes the main point that education can be a form of escape; it doesn't provide all the answers but gives a person choice and empowerment. Education makes a person consider all the options and look at life from different aspects.Education is always the fuel behind improvements made in the characters and shows that Russell thinks educations main purpose is to improve upon oneself. Wily Russell is extremely successful at teaching us lessons about the purpose of education as most of the lessons learnt show that education is about more than Just passing exams. I think â€Å"Educating Rata† brilliantly raises themes of social class, education, relationships and personal changes; the play is a credit to Russell skills as a writer as he writes about serious issues in a comical manner, which attracts an extremely widened audience.

The Effect of Management Theory on the Practical World Free Essay Example, 2500 words

As Indicated in the management systems section of the website of Exxon Mobil, the company adheres to the policy of strict ethics and moral obligations while carrying out its operations and it is evident from the policies of the company. The company takes a keen interest in the corporate citizenship and acknowledges its responsibility towards the society. For this purpose high ethical standards have been maintained by the company and a corporate citizenship report has also been issued by the company. Some of the policies of the company that has been set with regard to the management of the company are discussed in detail in the following paragraphs. Standards of business conduct are the foundation stone for the ethical standards that are required to be maintained by the company s employees and non-employee directors around the globe. These standards comprise three broad grouping for the company employees to comprehend and they include guiding principles, sixteen foundation policies, and open door communication procedures. Lucid guidance is provided with respect to the ethics, gifts and entertainment, conflicts of interest, antitrust, and directorship policies. Segregation of personnel has been carried out for the duties of recording, approving and authorizing financial transactions in order to decrease risks. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Management Theory on the Practical World or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page At all of the business locations worldwide, business control systems are meticulously applied to ensure that every operation at the company s premises and relating to the products and services of the company is finally done.

Should Children Be Charged With Their Crimes - 1648 Words

SHOULD CHILDREN BE CHARGED WITH THEIR CRIMES The public is often bombarded by the media about crimes committed by adolescents, but could the law itself improve their method of dealing with the youth of society? The current legislation, the Youth Justice Act, 1992, provides ‘fair and balanced’ laws that are somewhat affective in disciplining and protecting children that have relations with the youth justice system. The judicial system ensures that children be punished for their crimes and that the court is also made certain that the child has the same rights as an adult. Although they are sentenced fairly, imprisonment seems to have a lesser effect on the offender than community service. The judges are also likely to prioritise helping and rehabilitating the accused, not just punishing them (Bowen, 1994, p117). From studies completed i.e. studies completed in 2013, found that juveniles are three times more likely to commit an offence from around the ages of 15 to 19 years old. Even though this may be an outstanding factor, it can also be noted that juveniles tend to ‘grow out’ of criminal acts as they mature in age, and that their crimes are usually less serious (Healey, 2013, p5). Currently, in Queensland, the legal age of a child to be tried for a crime within the court system, is defined by when a youth has the ability to know whether their actions are right or wrong. Unlike the rest of Australia, it is stated in the Queensland Criminal Code Act 1899, section 29 (1),Show MoreRelatedThe Juvenile Court : An Adult Offender991 Words   |  4 Pagesprinciples; children at a certain age are too young to be held accountable for their actions, they are not mentally competent, and they are more likely to be rehabilitated than an adult offender. However, in the past years juvenile are committing more violent crimes that suggest they should be tried in criminal courts rather than juvenile courts. It is my belief that if a child under the age of 18 commits a violent crime they should be c harged as an adult offender. Certain criteria should be establishedRead MoreShould Juveniles Be Charged As Adults?956 Words   |  4 Pages Should Juveniles Be Charged As Adults? Juveniles are being charged as adults more regularly, being housed in adult prisons and the judicial system is using this as a type of reform. There are multiple reasons that this type of reform has become more acceptable and why some believe it depends on the charge to whether the child committing the crime should be charged as an adult, as well as why housing minors whom charged as adults should not be housed in adult facilitiesRead MoreJuveniles And The Criminal Justice System1594 Words   |  7 Pageswhether or not juveniles should ever be tried as adults. Juveniles are defined as children under the age of 18. In the past, juveniles have been tried in a separate juvenile court because of their age. However, trying juveniles as adults for violent crimes is a trend that is on the rise. Age is supposed to be a deterrent for placing those under 18 on trial and giving them stiffer punishments that are often reserved for adults. Many debate whether or not juveniles really should h ave less severe punishmentsRead MoreJuveniles And Prisons1313 Words   |  6 Pagesfuture of children in this country.† (D. Lee) An estimated 200,000 juveniles are tried as adults. The term juvenile refers to any young person under the age of 18. For most states in the United States, the age of majority is 18. While there are many things that juveniles are unable to do until they reach the age of 18, being charged as an adult for a crime is not amongst those things in some states. Juveniles are not allowed to vote, drink alcohol, or sign a legal contract, yet they can be charged andRead MoreEssay about Juveniles Should Not Be Charged Differently594 Words   |  3 Pagesonce they commit a crime. Folks think that their brain is not fully developed, but they sure do know what they are doing. If teenagers have the capability to commit a crime, there must be something between that made them act the way they did. Many blame parents for their child’s actions because they thi nk that the kids learn from parents. For example, bad behavior, drug abuse, rape, murder, etc., but teenagers should learn from their parents mistakes. Teenagers should not be charged differently, ifRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is The Highest Rate For Juvenile Crime1733 Words   |  7 Pagescan be charged as an adult, well in Japan until you are 20 you can still be charged as a minor. In germany they consider 21 a legal adult .On the other hand when you become 17 in Australia you are charged as an adult. They way they treat juveniles in prison also differs. The punishments they receive, the programs they have and the privileges they offer are all different. So why does the U.S have the highest rate for juvenile crime? The United States has the highest rate for juvenile crime yet, likeRead MoreWhen A Child Is Considered An Adult As Far As Criminal Charges Are Concerned?1015 Words   |  4 Pagesescalation to an adult punish for a non-adult being charged is based on the crime that is committed or not. Question One The point in which a person is considered an adult, assuming the person in question is under 18 years of age, depends a lot and on a number of factors. The point in which that demarcation occurs can be in the early teens and can range all the way up to 17 years old. There are legal limits in place in terms of who can be charged as an adult despite being under 18 and they vary widelyRead MoreThe Ratio Of Seriousness Of Crime1635 Words   |  7 PagesMany people believe the saying, â€Å"If you are old enough to commit the crime, you are old enough to do the time.† However, many of the people that believe this saying do not consider the ratio of seriousness of crime to age of offender. Other people may say, â€Å"Oh, they are just too young. They did not really know what they were doing.† Maybe that statement is true or maybe the juvenile offender knew exactly what he or she was doing. Who else besides the child would know? Who can accurately and fairlyRead MoreThe Juven ile Court System Should Be Abolished1489 Words   |  6 Pagesdeveloped, and can rehabilitate easier than adults. In all but three states, anyone charged with committing a criminal act before his or her eighteenth birthday is considered a juvenile offender. Now more than ever, states and countries have begun to question the reliability of the juvenile court. Some believe the juvenile court system should be abolished because of its insufficient gain to the community. Others believe children are not fully capable to understand the degree of their actions and the consequencesRead MoreThe Biological Characteristics Of Children842 Words   |  4 Pagesexcludes children under the age of seven from criminal liability for their actions. Children are presumed to be incapable of committing an offense. According to the law, children are incapable of making concrete mental judgments of what is right or wrong; hence, they cannot be charged with committing any form of crime. This paper seeks to discuss the various biological characteristics in children that excludes them from being accountable for their actions, the cognitive ability of children with reference

The Current State Of The Ecological Environment Essay

How can bioart be seen to embody the concept of the ritual that would have the capacity to breach the nature/culture and human/animal dichotomies in the context of ecology? Sub-Questions Background/Context Questions What is the current state of the ecological environment? Why is it urgent to address and transform the increasing culture/nature and human/animal dichotomies present in secular societies? Why should traditional concepts, namely ritual, be considered as still relevant and essential in this context? What is the current position bioart occupies in the contemporary society? Why should bioart be intersected with the ritual in the context of ecology? Main Questions In what way ritual’s form, structure and process relate to that of bioart? By what means do the key theoretical approaches on ritual, namely performance, communication, ecology, aesthetics and semiotics echo in bioart? How the paradigmatic concepts on ritual, such as agency, dynamics, embodiment, liminality, transmission and virtuality, correspondingly resonate in bioart? What kinds of rituals biotechnological practices could be seen to entail? Does bioart provide new kinds of rites? Why seeing bioart as ritual is important? Does and if so, how, can bioart as ritual have the capacity to transform human and nonhuman relationship as well as bridge the culture/nature dichotomy? In what way does this approach affect the concept of bioart itself and how does it change its role in the society? WhyShow MoreRelatedThe Bronfenbrenner Theory Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe composition of Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory cultivate a framework to study the numerous connections between the developing child from mother and father relationships to the environment, community settings, cultural influences and financial factors. The four levels of environmental stimuli the micro- , meso- , exo- and macrosystems, each intermingled within one another representing degrees of personal connections. Change and constancy are mediated by the passage of time. The chronosystemRead MoreEssay about Canada: Globalization and Sustainable Development1486 Words   |  6 Pagesoccurrence of globalization, sustainable development, and the ecological footprint are all seemingly connected in today’s environmental capacities. To further understand these environmental processes, one must divulge into these individual environmental concepts to properly understand their facilitati ons. Furthermore, according to professor Vamvakas â€Å"a major theme of Sustainable development is the alternative to the destruction of the world environment by the economic imperative of globalization† (VamvakasRead MoreEconomic Sustainability And The Problems Facing The Global Population Of A Large Scale Than Regular Human Choice1369 Words   |  6 Pagessustainability and whether or not it is compatible with ecological sustainability through comparisons of countries with a high Gross Domestic Product and their quality of life. The main idea behind this research question is whether or not the amount of ecological destruction for human needs matches the amount of consumption currently occurring globally; insinuating that mans need is far less than the destruction for mans greed. Ecological Sustainability: Importance and the problems it faces OneRead MoreContemporary Management Of Traditional Forest1274 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States. Over eighteen million acres on 334 tribal reservation in 36 states are forests and woodlands (IFMAT). These forested ecosystems are vital to tribal communities therefore it is important to address frameworks offered for co-managing resources. Despite the popular assumption, Indian tribes have managed lands for thousands of years prior to Euro-American settlement. Tribal communities relied on traditional knowledge to sustain their livelihoods. Traditional ecological knowledge isRead More Teaching Students Ecological Literacy In the Secondary English Classroom1696 Words   |  7 PagesTeaching Students Ecological Literacy In the Secondary English Classroom In todays world, we are bombarded with industry, economic advancement, and progressivism with new technology. As our world becomes more high tech and produces more products for our consumer world, we may soon face many environmental problems, due to our over-consumption of resources and our excessive, industrial lifestyles. Within all curriculums, I find it highly important to address these issues concerningRead MoreMy Views On America Moving Toward A Sustainable Society1740 Words   |  7 Pagesall we’ve discussed about the ecologic condition of the planet now and if current consumption patterns continue tell me your views on whether you think Americans as a whole are moving toward a sustainable society. If not what are your views on one or two changes to these patterns that could improve potential for achieving a sustainable society. My views on America moving toward a sustainable society, looking at our current pattern could be highly achievable. Our generation is becoming aware thatRead MoreHow is sustainable development linked to ecological footprint?1552 Words   |  7 Pages How is sustainable development linked to ecological footprint? According to the Brundtland Report, sustainable development is defined as â€Å"development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.† In this definition, two challenges are worth nothing: meeting the needs of world’s poor, as well as the environmental limitations brought about by technological advancements and social organizations. According to Ruzevicius (2010)Read MoreSolution to the Current Global Economy: Judaism and Economic Reform, by Norman Solomon1103 Words   |  5 Pagesreligious base solutions. While discussing two major economic problems that plague the world’s current economy, Solomon introduces the Jewish view of the global economy and their general view on economics as a whole. With this introduction to the Jewish worldview of economics we as readers are able to transition into understanding Solomon’s solutions of education using Jewish law to improve the current state of the global economy. Although Solomon’s ideas of education and relying on Jewish law to improveRead MoreEcological Services of Rivers Essay712 Words   |  3 PagesEcological Services of Rivers R Kuzniar Abstract What is the concept of ecological services? What are ecological services of rivers and why are they important? What ecological services of rivers will decline due to human influence and why they will decline? Keywords: purification, wildlife, decline Ecological Services of Rivers What is an ecological service? An ecological service is an ecosystem which serves all living organisms through all types of environmental purifications. WeRead More1. Background The environmental problems that the world has been suffering from in the last 1001300 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironmental economics and ecological economics. Environmental economics is a sub-discipline under the traditional economics field that emphases on present environmental issues. This sub-discipline emerged in the 1950s and 1960’s after the recognition that the environment have to be included in the market system while the economy core remained the same (Pearce et al., 1993). It takes raw environmental materials as income (i.e.: harvest wheat and sell it) without accounting any ecological limitations (Sullivan

Ethical Issues for IT Security Personnel - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEthical Issues for IT Security Personnelfor Data and Information. Answer: Introduction Most of the IT professionals are facing the ethical issues involve with privacy. The issues rise when one person read the private email of the network users. Key loggers are placed on the machine to capture everything that is displayed into the computer or laptop screen. In this way, the data and information from one computer is stolen and it is shared with others. Identification of the Ethical Issues The two ethical issues are privacy and manipulation of the data. Privacy is an ethical issue where the data and information of one person is being stolen and unauthorized use by other. All people should have equal need for privacy [5]. Each of the individuals should keep their own data private and password protected. When an employee get access to other employees emails, then reading someone emails could embarrass that person or even the unauthorized person may be fired from its job [9]. The other ethical issues are manipulation of the data to get higher fees. Technologies and settings are configured to make the network of the client more secured. It occurs when one fails to escalate the issues into the system [6]. It becomes an ethical issue when one does not inform the company about testing failure that subject to data manipulation. Data manipulation is also done when the speed of network is slow. Then it becomes difficult to handle and control the data. Analyzing the Ethical Issues The employees can or cannot read the private email of the network users when messages are sent at the work. It is dependent on the situation [4]. The files are included emails which are automatically saved to the browser of the cache. A company may have the right to monitor everything that an employee does with the computer equipments. A network administrator has the right to access the data on the system on the network. The administrator can able to access encrypted data if they have access to the recovery agent account. When one employee reads email, then there is required to disclose the policy to them [2]. There should be a policy manual of the company that discloses what an employee can do and what cannot. Most of the employees relay on the emails to communicate with each other. Only an authorized person can access the data and information in the emails. A strict company policy can lessen the loss of important data. Monitoring of employee emails are part of their job. In the workplace, it is required to block the pornography sites so that it creates a hostile working environment. In this case, the network administrator can access the employees computer during working hours to access those unauthorized sites [7]. Therefore, they can investigate if any of the employees are doing such work and they can take strict actions against the employee. Placement of key loggers on the machines such as computer and laptop is not a good thing as it can capture everything the user types in their machine [4]. As the employees machine contain some personal and important information, therefore no one has the right to access it in such a way [1]. Screen capture program is not to be used and if it is used in anyones machine, then the user should be informed about it. Monitoring and accessing of anyones data without permission is a legal issue and the unauthorized person should be punished because of it. Evaluation of the Issues and Justification When an employee complains that other employee access to their data and information from the computer, then it is termed as invasion of privacy. It refers to a situation when an employee feels that an employer violated their rights to privacy by disclosing the information gained from the source [8]. An employee has no right to read the private email of the system clients when messages are sent at the work. The outcome of this case is dependent on the state where it occurs. It is different from state to state depends on the applicable invasion of the privacy laws [3]. Situation of key loggers on the machines, for example, PC and portable devices are not something to be a good thing for as it can catch everything the client sorts in their machine. As the machine of the employee contains some individual and imperative data, along these lines nobody has the privilege to get to it in such a way. The program such as screen capture is not to be utilized and on the off chance that it is utilized as a part of anybody ought to machine, then the client to be informed about it. Checking and getting to of anybody's information without consent is a lawful issue and the unapproved individual ought to be rebuffed as a result of it [9]. When an employee provide with a written policy advising that the email messages are monitored, only then an employee has right to monitor, read as well as review the email messages. Therefore, without the permission of the employee, his or her data will not be read and reviewed. It is possible that an employee has access to machines and internet as a part of job. The misuse of internet at the workplace is a big issue in terms of employee discipline [2]. The network administrator can access to the machine, can monitor the website that an employee visit and review the amount of time that spend at that particular sites [6]. If any unethical activities are o bserved then strict actions should be taken. Conclusion It is concluded that when one representative peruses email, then there is required to uncover the strategy to them. There ought to be an arrangement manual of the organization that uncovers what an employee can do and what cannot. The vast majority of the employees transfer on the messages to speak with each other. Therefore, an employee can take strict action against the employer those has read his or her email messages or any private information. References [1]E. Park, "Ethical Issues in Cyborg Technology: Diversity and Inclusion",NanoEthics, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 303-306, 2014. [2]A. Jha and I. Bose, "A Framework for Addressing Data Privacy Issues in E-Governance Projects",Journal of Information Privacy and Security, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 18-33, 2013. [3]I. Topalli, "The Right to Privacy of Personal Information and Private Life (Privacy): The Issues Nowadays",Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2013. [4]K. Kant Hiran, R. Doshi and R. Rathi, "Security Privacy issues of Cloud Grid Computing Networks",International Journal on Computational Science Applications, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 83-91, 2014. [5]Cho Gi Young, "Direction of Reforms in Electronic Communications Privacy Law with regards to latest major issues",Journal of Criminal Law, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 105-138, 2014. [6]K. Durkesh and M. Thresphine, "Security Issues and Privacy in Cloud Computing",IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 39-56, 2014. [7]D. Herrmann, "Privacy issues in the Domain Name System and techniques for self-defense",it - Information Technology, vol. 57, no. 6, 2015. [8]A. Shrivastava, "Cyber Security: Issues and Privacy",Communications on Applied Electronics, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 12-16, 2015. [9]"Ethical issues for IT security professionals", Computerworld, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.computerworld.com/article/2557944/security0/ethical-issues-for-it-security-pr. [Accessed: 11- May- 2017].

Racism and Stereotypes in American Movies an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Racism and Stereotypes in American Movies The focal point of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the concept of racism and stereotypes in American movies. For the purpose the movie selected for scrutiny and assessment is the 1971 release Shaft. The approach of this evaluation would be based on the concept of African American Studies class. Need essay sample on "Racism and Stereotypes in American Movies" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The film Shaft was released in July 2, 1971 and was distributed by the famous MGM studios. This movie with a runtime of 100 minutes was based on the screenplay and novel of John D.F. Black and Ernest Tidyman and was directed by Gordon Parks. The producer of the movie Shaft was Joel Freeman and the music was wonderfully composed by J. J. Johnson and Isaac Hayes. Students Often Tell EssayLab support:I'm not in the mood to write my paper. Because I want to spend time with my girlfriendProfessional writers recommend: Help With Essay Writing. Here Is Your Life Vest!Best Essay Writing Helper Best Essay Writing Service Buy Essays Cheap Best Essay Writing Service Music in this movie is a very interesting part and is aligned with the basic theme of this paper as it is composed on predominantly black themes with complete alignment with African American musical tradition. But before the movie is taken into consideration for analysis it would be most relevant to look into the aspect of racism and stereotypes within the perspective of the American society. (Johnson, 1999, ix-xi) One of the most compelling developments of our age is the recognition of multicultural of multiracial society and how they translate to each and every inpidual. The challenge is not just in recognizing other races but more importantly the culture and heritage of people must also be recognized. The emergence of African American Studies as an important field of study is a recognition of the struggle against racial discrimination and oppression (Giddings, 1994, 153-156). Today, there have been significant strides in institutionalizing the development of programs that are studying the best approaches and methods to bring the concerns of the African Americans in society in the countrys premiere Universities such as Temple and Harvard. Recent studies in the field indicate that though there are no more significant explicit social barriers to African Americans, they are still challenged by historical marginalization and disenfranchisement. Thus, African American studies still serves as a platform for the valuation of those of African descent in the United States: exploring the social, economic, cultural and political history of America that includes African Americans. There is a realization that though society has changed its perspectives, it has yet to deal with the social operations and dynamics that dampen the development of the African American sectors in the society. In effect, by not being able to take the opportunities that are supposed to alleviate them they are being further stressed by the censure of failure and personal responsibility for their lives (Giddings, 1994, 178-180). Peoples distrust or reservation of other races or cultures is to be expected: it is very natural to fear the unfamiliar. That is why there is a need for conscious and collective actions to change society. One of the most urgent concerns is the assurance of economic opportunities which should be considered an integral component of any social program to address the issue. The development of various alliance among groups within the community that have shown better success in eliciting response from the most distressed among African Americans: the youth and women. These efforts have efforts have achieved success because they have taken into consideration similar trends among other social that suffer marginalization. For example, one of the major issues that have to deal with is the prevalence of crimes against and attributed to African Americans. This state of affairs which has become a clich in effect is not only a civil problem but also has become detrimental to all African Americans within and outside their communities. The consensus is that there very few opportunities left to offenders who fit the clich that it is easy to be caught in a downward spiral. Thus, programs dealing with offenders need the creation of support and prevention groups that consider the social context of African Americans. The critical course of action is to consider the realities that African Americans face today. Though in theory, regulations and legislations have already addressed their emancipation, the reality is that society has not been unable to effectively meet the effects of years of oppression. The very foundation of the US capitalist society deters many and has effective limited the number of inpiduals who have had been unable to make good of the programs that have been established. In this context the basic formulation of the movie Shaft appears in an extremely interesting note. This movie can easily be denoted as a basic model of genera of movies that later became known as blaxploitation films and the film noir elements are profoundly present in this movie. The story is a simple tale of a private detective John Shaft who is of African American origin. John Shaft is seen in the movie lurking in the streets of Harlem and encounters with Italian mafia groups to retrieve the daughter of a gangster who also belongs to the African American origin. In the movie the character of John Shaft appears to be a complete stereo typed of all movie crime busters in line of James Bond model. Therefore, logically enough, it is obvious that detective in the movie would appear to us as a super cool but extremely sexy in nature. He is also very confident in the film but pattern where this movie outclassed other contemporary movies of its time was that it presented a specified point of view and this point of view is from the perception of the black community and Shaft appears to indulge everything that appears to be bearing the essence of the African American community in the movie. This is the special essence of this movie. Shaft is predominantly black and all the perceptions and perspective presented in the movie is distinctively black in nature. This movie is specifically Afrocentric in presentation. It could be mentioned that this movie easily surpassed supplementary black stereotypes with its presentation of black gangsters and black activists at the same time along with urban junkies who are black. In the movie we see time and again that the central character Shaft is making it a point with specific measures that he is dead against racialism and all sorts of racial hypocrisy. This Afrocentrism appears in the movie in a special scene with special emphasis where it is seen that a detective of the police, Lt. Androzzi, is comparing Shafts skin color with a black pen. To this Shafts answer to this act is sharp and presents the scene with a satirist approach as he points a white cup and indicates that the police detective is not that much white either. This part of movie presents the basic essence of the movie and its stand point against racial discrimination with a strong point. This is where this movie Shaft breaks all stereo types set in its previous era and became a trend setter all by itself. The pen and the cup scene is just a single example and it is enough to prove the point of the director and writers but it would be relevant to mention that such scenario and dialogues with racial vengeance are tottered all over the movie. For a democratic society with its democratic form of government system it is but an obvious choice to opt for a society that is mostly color blind. The basis custom of a democratic society is to provide its mass with a structural form that offers equality in terms of justice and social characteristic. It is an unwanted fact but it is also extremely true at the same time that racism is a curse that exists among us whether we like it or not. The curse of racial discrimination had always been there in the American society. The presence of racism is well documented in many societal domains including workplace, school, health care, and housing like simple dialogues such as My little sister hangs around with a Mexican. (Minton, 1993) It is very peculiar to consider racism is an ideology where humans are separated into various groups in the belief that some people are superior because they belong to a particular ethnic or national group. It could be summarized that racism is the result of having negative judgments, beliefs, and feelings towards certain identifiable groups. For example, the way mass media represents facts by mentioning, White girl raped by four Mexicans. Here it is interpreted as Mexican people, they are bad, black people, they are bad. (Minton, 1993) The movie Shaft comes in the confluence of culture at this juncture. The movie Shaft became a runaway hit at the box office with a cumulative gross of about $12 million. For a relatively small budget film this was a huge success. Additionally, the music score by Isaac Hayes won the best music award at the Academy Award ceremony. This proves the tremendous appeal this movie had on the mass psychology. It was almost as what they were looking for all these days. (Lamb, 2004, 327) This was no astonishment. This is because dialogues in the movie by John Shaft like You are one wise Caucasian (Johnson, 1999, 59) are more than what the black community expected from a movie of its time. The black community was hungry for a hero who was able to give back what they were used to receive. In a way Shaft became the icon of the black community. Shaft was that figure that every boy of African American origin wanted to be. This was their answer to racism. This was their response towards discrimination and inequality. The discrimination and inequality of the American society that they have taken head down and were not able to retaliate. They always wanted to retaliate and wanted so badly. Shaft was all answer to these reprisals, at least on the movie. The better part of the movie shows shaft fighting against allsorts of evils especially those with the undercurrent of undercover apartheid. The best part of this film is that the hero fights this evil while staying inside the parameters of the society in his own way and never revolted against the society. This was another huge reason for the acceptance of this movie among black youths. They never wanted to agitate openly and vigorously against the government for the better part of their life but wanted some way to release the undercurrent of frustration that they are suffering from the evil of inequality. Shaft provided them the route. No wonder Shaft was a success. In the conclusion it would be relevant to mention that the reality that has to be faced is that many African Americans are still dependent on minimum wage, are disenfranchised and have very little social or economic mobility. Though the struggle for better opportunities for them has been a long one, very few have been able to truly achieve the same opportunities that non-African Americans have enjoyed. Though there has been significant effort from all sectors and abundance of programs, the vehicles by which they are channeled are unable to meet the existing demand in society today. The need for developing programs that truly address the pertinent issues that gang violence the African American community is a concern that has repercussions to the community, industries and the nation. The greater awareness regarding issues, media recognition is proving to be effective in strengthening response and sensitivity to issues. However, this should coupled with the conscientious effort to essential sustain programs that are initiated across sectors. What is needed now in the community is a decisive and concerted effort to address an issue that maligns and deters not only African Americans but any inpidual for that matter. As a result it could be mentioned again that the aspect of racism and stereotypes within the perspective of the American society would continue to prevail and movies like Shaft would be produced. References: Giddings, Paula. 1994. When and Where I Enter: The impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America, National Book Trust Johnson, P. 1999. Shaft: The Complete Screenplay. National Book Trust Lamb, Davis. 2004. Cult to Culture: The Development of Civilization on the Strategic Strata. National Book Trust Minton, Lynn; 1993; Is it okay to date someone of another race; Parade, Issue December 15, 1993